World domination also called global domination or world conquest or cosmocracy is a hypothetical power structure , either achieved or aspired to, in which a single political authority holds the power over all or virtually all the inhabitants of the planet Earth. Various individuals or regimes have tried to achieve this goal throughout history, without ever attaining it. The theme has been often used in works of fiction , particularly in political fiction , as well as in conspiracy theories which may posit that some person or group has already secretly achieved this goal , particularly those fearing the development of a " New World Order " involving a world government of a totalitarian nature. Historically, world domination has been thought of in terms of a nation expanding its power to the point that all other nations are subservient to it. This may be achieved by establishing a hegemony , an indirect form of government and of imperial dominance in which the hegemon leader state rules geopolitically subordinate states by means of its implied power—by the threat of force, rather than by direct military force. However, domination can also be achieved by direct military force.
Philip T. Hoffman is Rea A. Princeton Economic History of the Western World, In two short years, ISIS has taken over a huge swath of territory in Syria and Iraq—and driven millions of refugees out into the Middle East and Europe—by relying on extortion, plunder, and volunteers who willingly fight to the death. That is the fuel feeding its conquests, which must seem strange to modern observers accustomed to armies supported by taxes.
This Is How Europe Came to Dominate the World by the 20th Century
Medieval Europe covers a period known as the Middle Ages or the Medieval Times that followed the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century and lasted into the 15th century. The Roman Empire changed dramatically in its character after the Crisis of the Third Century when one of the mightiest empires in history nearly collapsed under the pressure of civil war, invasions, and economic and spiritual crisis. The medieval period was to some extent a continuation of a process that started in late antiquity although the barbarian peoples that settled within the boundaries of the former Roman Empire and established their own kingdoms between the 5th and 8th centuries were backward culturally, economically and politically in comparison to highly advanced Roman society, economy and culture. Medieval Europe between 5th and 8th centuries, also referred to as the Dark Ages was marked by rise of numerous short-lived barbarian kingdoms and a period of general instability that delivered the final blow to long distance trade and manufacture for export as it was no longer safe to travel to any distance, especially after the Muslim conquests in the 7th and 8th centuries. The newly emerged barbarian kingdoms were politically unstable and unable to maintain the Roman extensive infrastructure, and medieval Europe became predominantly rural by the end of the 8th century.
Although Europe represents only about 8 percent of the planet's landmass, from to , Europeans conquered or colonized more than 80 percent of the entire world. Being dominated for centuries has led to lingering inequality and long-lasting effects in many formerly colonized countries, including poverty and slow economic growth. There are many possible explanations for why history played out this way, but few can explain why the West was so powerful for so long. Caltech's Philip Hoffman , the Rea A.